"What would you rather be a Loyalist or a Patriot? In a dangerous, hostile world, it makes sense to have protection, and the British were certainly more than capable of providing that. Farmers in the backcountry South who had tried to stay out of politics found one side or the other plundering their food and horsesand promptly chose the other side. 271 0 obj <> endobj George Washington's Leadership at Trenton, Saratoga & Valley Forge, Psychological Research & Experimental Design, All Teacher Certification Test Prep Courses, Loyalists and Patriots During the American Revolution. Although some Canadians took up arms in support of the Patriots, the majority remained loyal to the King. The most common trait among all loyalists was an innate conservatism coupled with a deep devotion to the mother country and the crown. March 2008, download word file, 2 pages Loyalists who remained in the colonies during the war found their property vandalized, looted, and burned. Colonists who openly proclaimed their loyalty to the Crown were driven from their communities. But his was a tough job in the days just before the revolution. Ideology. Loyalists and Patriots . After the Revolution, his father disowned him, saying that if England had won, there wouldn't have been any inheritance for William, anyway. The extensive trade networks protected by the British Empire were indeed good for global commerce. What Happened to Loyalists After the American Revolution? The primary concerns for many were the Enlightenment ideals of freedom and liberty. Many African Americans, believing that the Patriot cause would one day result in an expansion of their own civil rights and even the abolition of slavery, had already joined militia regiments at the beginning of the war. What best describes the Patriots before and during the American Revolution? Colonists in New York, New Jersey, and parts of North and South Carolina were ambivalent about the revolution. An Economic Interpretation of the Constitution of the United States eighteenth century, I saw the rise of the American people from impoverished submissive individuals to political independence "Good news: you can turn to other's writing help. New England had fewer loyalists than any other section. Loyalists were those who remained loyal to the British crown and/or British rule. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1973. Indeed, loyalists would have been aware of the failed 1745 Jacobite rebellion in Scotland and the disastrous results for those that revolted against English rule. Other names used to describe Loyalists included: Tories, Royalists, King's Friends, and Redcoats (specifically British soldiers). "Identity is an enormously personal and political part of language," he said. Loyalists frequently went underground and covertly offered aid to the British. The British made peace with the Americans in the Treaty of Paris (1783), through which they ceded vast American Indian territories to the United States without informing or consulting with the American Indians. At the start of the Revolution, Americans faced an important decision: would they side with the Patriots, or would they remain loyal to Great Britain? POST 381 We won't telegraph our moves to the ENEMY. For one thing, Great Britain was a leading military and maritime power. 2023. The Patriots were called Revolutionaries, Continentals, American Whigs, or Rebels while the Loyalists were referred to as Tories, Loyalists, or the King's Men. Colonists had a lot of conflicting loyalties and legitimate fears. The departure of royal officials, rich merchants, and landed gentry destroyed the hierarchical networks that thrived in the colonies. There were many reasons why people joined the Patriot side in this war. loyalist, also called Tory, colonist loyal to Great Britain during the American Revolution. Colonists traded with all European powers equally, competing for the best profits. Other names for loyalists included Tories, Royalists, and the King's Friends. Learn more about the different ways you can partner with the Bill of Rights Institute. When they withdrew their forces from Savannah and Charleston, the British also evacuated 10,000 slaves, now freedmen. download word file, 2 pages1.0 The state established small reservations in western New York for the remnant peoples. lack of united feelings about American independence, high literacy rates among the colonies compared with other places in the world, likelihood of men to discuss current events in the eighteenth century, extreme enthusiasm for revolution without regard for the consequences. eNotes.com will help you with any book or any question. 3. Military expeditions on each side destroyed villages and food supplies to reduce the ability of people to fight, as in the frequent raids by both sides in the Mohawk Valley and western New York. Patriots were those who believed in independence for the American colonists and/or freedom from oppression. Patriot opponents found the Loyalists's motives easy to explain: they were "self-interested men," greedy parasites who profited from the imperial connection, or weak and cowardly individuals who feared anarchy more than they appreciated liberty. But if you had lived back then, you might have made a different decision. They did experiments together. Loyalist was a term used to describe someone who remained loyal to the British crown and British rule. To recommend reverence for the monarch, or affection for the mother country? How did the Revolutionary War affect the U.S. relationship with the Church of England? Loyalists constituted about one-third of the population of the American colonies during that conflict. Which of the following post-war developments ensured a continuation of the sentiments provided? By P. Scott Corbett, et.al., provided by OpenStax College, published by Lumen Learning under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Patriots were also known as American Whigs, Revolutionaries, Congress-Men, and Rebels. After watching this lesson, you should be able to: To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. Loyalists believed in the sanctity of their shared cultural heritage with the British, had a strong sense of duty and loyalty toward the British crown, benefitted from the Trans-Atlantic trade with England, and were worried that an independent . Free Blacks overwhelmingly supported the Loyalists because that gave them opportunities elsewhere in the British empire. It is also possible that some loyalists saw independence as an inevitability that could be achieved through peaceful means instead of open rebellion. 1. Plus, get practice tests, quizzes, and personalized coaching to help you Maybe one day, he would even be the colonies' first Member of Parliament? Libertys Exiles: American Loyalists in the Revolutionary World. There were definitely reasons to be a Loyalist during this time. Loyalists were those colonials who were loyal to the King of Engl and. They saw the tarring and feathering of English officials, the burning of property, and the firing on English soldiers to be barbarous acts that they could not support. Though not all colonists supported violent rebellion, historians estimate that approximately 45 percent of the white population supported the Patriots cause or identified as Patriots; 1520 percent favored the British Crown; and the remainder of the population chose not to take a vocal position in the conflict. But at its heart, it was also a civil war between colonial Americans. Ultimately, Americans remained Loyalists or joined the Patriot cause based on which side they thought would best promote their interests. In all, about 50,000 Loyalists served as soldiers or militia in the British forces, 19,000 Loyalists were enrolled on a regular army status, and 15,000 Loyalist soldiers and militia came from the Loyalist stronghold of New York. She has a BSEd in English Education. In addition, many Loyalists ended up moving to Canada after the war. In addition, enslaved Black Americans were offered their freedom if they fought for the British (and if they could manage to escape to join up with their ranks). Which group would most likely support the argument in the excerpt provided? They had the advantage of fighting on their own grounds and also had a vast militia to cover their whole territory. I would definitely recommend Study.com to my colleagues. When every article of commerce, every necessary of life, together with our lands, must be heavily taxed, to defray that expense!, Charles Inglis, Anglican Church Minister in New York City,The Costs of Revolution, 1776. There was another large segment of the population that had definite opinions, but no political voice, notably women, African-Americans, and Native Americans. Loyalists had good reason to oppose a push for independence. During the American Revolution, colonists like Benjamin Franklin who supported republicanism and eventually, independence, came to be known as Patriots. Important events leading to the American Revolution include: To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. But if they went their separate way, then America's prosperity could be seriously jeopardized. British colonists are British citizens. They chose to support the authority of the king rather than the power of the Parliament. 10. The Patriots rebelled against the British control, while the Loyalists, also known as "Tories" to the Patriots, remained loyal to the British crown. The Bill of Rights Institute teaches civics. They were not confined to any particular group or class, but their numbers were strongest among the following groups: officeholders and others who served the British crown and had a vested interest in . Treason is punishable by death. 1 votes. Why did colonists become Patriots? HTMo0Wh,[l'EQI:`CoA^Hv],Q$gArUty\{_/%q}y2whf:,. Married women typically joined their husbands' side. succeed. 11b. Some opposed the violence they saw in groups like the Sons of Liberty and feared a government run by extremists. Many loyalists at first urged moderation in the struggle for colonial rights and were only driven into active loyalism by radical fellow colonists who denounced as Tories all who would not join them. 4. Key members of the elite families that owned and controlled much of the commerce and industry in New York, Philadelphia, and Boston left the United States, undermining the cohesion of the old upper class and transforming the social structure of the colonies. (pq RK6p# 7tq K&&J( ^m8VWXqt*Q2dN^{xlZLcu^_ =:>'anup`fzf/1F[rNaL)NQ6|)N2JE[^\CK'd> d=)QHG:Sw$U>4E%8S='|vn]&lfVV\9OH/Z`T|[GG)tzXA3S4:>~O??qF)WarS95RPM xKp ln2!BlHIsN;8 Independence was the solution to the financial woes of the merchants in the colonies. Many Loyalists in the Caribbean relied on slave labor and were hesitant about the possibility of their property being freed. Religious converts of the Great Awakening made strong connections between their faith and a developing sense of nationalism. First off, the colonists were all British citizens and considered themselves to be Englishmen and Englishwomen. How on earth could they be expected to come together into a unified trading nation capable of making its own way in the world? Latest answer posted May 29, 2019 at 11:21:48 AM. As many as one-third of the colonists at the time of the American Revolution remained loyal to Great Britain. In reaction, Washington lifted the ban on black soldiers from 1776 onward. Essay by 306 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<03D7490F6E9304498166080738667F9C>]/Index[271 66]/Info 270 0 R/Length 152/Prev 255292/Root 272 0 R/Size 337/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream events leading to the American Revolutionary War, Lexington, Concord and Bunker Hill: The American Revolution Begins, The Second Continental Congress and Thomas Paine's Common Sense, The Declaration of Independence: Text, Signers and Legacy, Primary Source: The Declaration of Independence, British Loyalists vs. American Patriots During the American Revolution, John Paul Jones and the Naval Battles of the Revolutionary War, The Battle of Yorktown and the Treaty of Paris, American Revolution: Social and Economic Impact, The Second Great Awakening: Charles Finney and Religious Revival, CLEP Western Civilization I - Ancient Near East to 1648 Prep, AP European History: Homework Help Resource, ILTS Social Science - History (246): Test Practice and Study Guide, Analyzing & Examining the Causes of War in Western Civilization: Essay Prompts, Comparing and Contrasting Political Ideologies & Movements: Essay Prompts, Royal Tombs Of Ur: Definition & Treasures, The Quest for The Golden Fleece: Story & Overview, German Luftwaffe in WW2: Definition & Ranks, The Munich Conference of 1938: Definition & Overview, Working Scholars Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community, Understand which demographics tended to be Patriots, Loyalists or neutrals, and the reasons why, Explain what happened to the Loyalists after the war. During the American Revolution, the newly proclaimed United States competed with the British for the allegiance of American Indian nations east of the Mississippi River. But then, as now, there were demographic trends. His father didn't die, but after being sent to England in a prisoner exchange, William sent his father a letter. New York was their stronghold and had more than any other colony. WriteWork.com. from Dordt University. Enrolling in a course lets you earn progress by passing quizzes and exams. . Explain why the American Revolution was a civil war. Benjamin Franklin, a newspaper publisher and Enlightenment scientist, became a Patriot. Prominent merchants in port cities and men with business or family ties to elites in Great Britain tended to favor the Loyalist cause. So were intellectuals with a strong belief in the Enlightenment. Log in here. Altogether, the British were estimated to have evacuated nearly 20,000 freedmen (including families) with other Loyalists and their troops at the end of the war. The two never spoke again. 12. The loyalists did not rise as a body to support the British army, but individuals did join the army or form their own guerrilla units. While every loyalist had his or her reasons, let's look at some of the more common motivations. Second Continental Congress | Overview, History & Accomplishments. The American Revolution (1765-1791 time period, with official war dates between 1775 and 1783) made colonists choose sides between groups called Loyalists or Patriots. The Patriots are the people that are rebelling against their home government. Nonetheless, people from all socioeconomic backgrounds could be found on both sides. Poor farmers, craftsmen, and small merchants, influenced by the ideas of social equality expressed in works like Thomas Paine's Common Sense, were more likely to be Patriots. A system of mercantilism limited the colonists legal trade options and, therefore, their profits. A Loyalist's poem: Rev. Native Americans and enslaved Black Americans tended to support the Loyalists due to the Proclamation Line of 1763 and the promise of freedom for enlisted Black soldiers after the war. American Loyalists, or "Tories" as their opponents called them, opposed the Revolution, and many took up arms against the rebels. After five seasons at East Carolina, Holton . 5. Today, it's easy for Americans to say they would have been devoted Patriots from the start. After all, history is on their side. The British recruited slaves belonging to Patriot masters and promised freedom to those who served. endstream endobj 275 0 obj <>stream You can be a part of this exciting work by making a donation to The Bill of Rights Institute today! For instance, in May 1775, the Massachusetts Committee of Safety stopped the enlistment of slaves in colonial armies. What are five reasons America colonists separated from Britain? Brewminate: A Bold Blend of News and Ideas, Curated/Reviewed by Matthew A. McIntoshPublic HistorianBrewminate. Historians estimate that about 40-45% of white men were patriots. I am going to assume that the question is asking for reasons to be a British Loyalist during the Revolutionary War time period in United States history. Loyalists constituted about one-third of the population of the American colonies during that conflict. Learn about the American Revolution, specifically the Loyalists and Patriots. Certain I am that our commerce and agriculture, the two principal sources of our wealth, will not support such an expense. Proceeds are donated to charity. The first American Indian community to sign a treaty with the new United States government was the Lenape. Unnatural Rebellion: Loyalists in New York City During the Revolution(Jeffersonian America). 6. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. There are four reasons why the Loyalists are loyal to the king. George Washington issued an order to recruiters in July 1775, ordering them not to enroll any deserter from the Ministerial army, nor any stroller, negro or vagabond. This order, however, was eventually reneged when manpower shortages forced the Continental Army to diversify their ranks. Of course, many people never took a position. Why?," WriteWork.com, https://www.writework.com/essay/would-you-rather-loyalist-patriot-why (accessed April 18, 2023). Jasanoff, Maya. Although the British had the worlds best equipped and the most disciplined army, they were not as well prepared to fight compared to the Patriots army, which might have been a key factor in the British losing the war. African Americans also served extensively on British vessels and were considered more willing and able than their British counterparts on the deck. Many loyalists lived in New York City. Public sentiment in the United States against the loyalists died down significantly after government began under the new U.S. Constitution in 1789. Another popular name for Patriot was Whig. Discuss the decision people made to be a Loyalist or a Patriot using social, political, and economic reasons. Many African Americans viewed the American Revolution as an opportunity to fight for their own liberty and freedom from slavery. Explain how economic realities influenced some colonists decisions to choose a side in the American Revolution. 2. Independence was too much of a leap in the dark. M.A. On the other hand there were the Loyalists, who believed they could win the war for England, unfortunately for them that this did not happen. It was a great risk to stake out a position, and the truth is most humans usually try to take the safe course. The heavy taxation imposed on the colonists after the war left many angry; this dispute is viewed as the starting point of conflict between the British and the colonists. Quakers,Mennonites, and other pacifists (people opposed to all war) were neutrals and had their patriotism questioned as a result. 1781.https://books.google.com/books/about/Peter_Oliver_s_Origin_Progress_of_the_Am.html?id=08IL5DO_q94C, Brannon, Rebecca. They also thought a goverment run by Patriots would be worse than the King. This association of Anglicanism with Loyalism tarred the church for many years after the Revolution. Benjamin Franklin disowned his son William because he remained a Loyalist throughout the war and was exiled to England. In limited areas where the British had a strong military presence, Loyalists remained in power. Already a member? Why?" 6. You get to celebrate and enjoy the fruits of that victory. Beginning in March 1776, approximately 100,000 loyalists fled into exile. Alexandra has taught students at every age level from pre-school through adult. Teacher will conduct a vote on which colonist's side they would most likely join. Or have we the slightest reason to hope that those ministers and representatives will not be supported throughout the tragedy, as they have been through the first act? African American slaves and much of the Mohawk Nation joined the Loyalist migration north and northeast. Loyalists remained loyal to England and its leadership. And the most effective way to achieve that is through investing in The Bill of Rights Institute. Ultimately, Patriots sought independence as a nation separate from Great Britain. In addition, many Native American groups, as well as Black Americans, were known to be Loyalists. ALL CAN BE ACCESSED THRU MEDITATION. Although Samuel Seabury might not be a household name, fans of the musical Hamilton should be able to identify him. hmO8_H+$.Gy.=/AAmfircv5A-Q.1&Q"%3FbpDiD3WI5pUQ What best describes the Loyalists before and during the American Revolution? The Patriot and Continental Army leader George Washington banned free Blacks from enlisting in his army, so the British used his decision to their advantage. Explain how religious beliefs and social standing influenced some colonists decisions to choose a side in the American Revolution. In many ways, Dunmores Proclamation was the product of a truly desperate royal official who used it as a last-gasp way to raise troops and cause chaos. American Indians led a coordinated attack on frontier outposts, stunning the British troops there. Loyalists continued to support the British Parliament or king, believing their economic or political interests would be best served by fighting for, or at least speaking up for, the British. Some people truly believed in the ideas of the Revolution. Some colonists, such as those way out on the frontier, weren't affected by all the politics and just didn't care. In occupied New York City, artisans were under pressure to choose the Loyalist cause to keep working in the city. Gregg Frazer restores the Loyalists as thoughtful participants in the debate over the American future. Their allies would safely transport Patriots out of the colonies. Calhoon, Robert M.The Loyalists in Revolutionary America, 17601781. Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from the excerpt provided? Congress recommended repressive measures against the loyalists, and all states passed severe laws against them, usually forbidding them from holding office, disenfranchising them, and confiscating or heavily taxing their property. The Patriots ended up winning the war against the British in 1781. Economic concerns influenced the decision of some to stay loyal to Great Britain. The loyalist fighters aroused a vengeful hatred among the patriots (as the American Revolutionaries called themselves), and when taken in battle they were treated as traitors. More than 20 percent of the enslaved population voted with their feet and ran to British lines in South Carolina and Georgia during the war to claim their freedom. legislative body that "reflected the authority of England"1 and the State. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2011. The largest portion of those who fled ultimately went to Canada, where the British government provided them with asylum and offered some compensation for losses in property and income; those who met certain criteria (based, in part, on when they left America and their contribution to the British war effort) were known as United Empire Loyalists in Canada. The United States of America is an . Many African Americans who left with Loyalists for Jamaica or St. Augustine after the war never gained their freedom. A total of 12,000 African Americans served with the British from 1775 to 1783. Also, from 1779 to 1782, a Loyalist civilian government was re established in coastal Georgia. They also were loyal to the monarchy and had been faithful British citizens for their entire lives. Also, from 1779 to 1782, a Loyalist civilian government was re established in coastal Georgia. Get an answer for 'Would you have been a Patriot or a Loyalist in 1776? I feel like its a lifeline. The Church of England was associated with Loyalists, so Patriots distrusted it to such an extent that the reputation of Anglicans was marred after the conclusion of the war. Nonetheless, people of all socioeconomic statuses populated both sides of the conflict. Once the war ended, most Loyalists went home to England or moved to Canada. Tens of thousands of slaves escaped during the war and joined British lines; others simply escaped on their own to freedom without fighting. It was known as the Tory capital of America. 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Are five reasons America colonists separated from Britain any question ultimately, Americans remained Loyalists or joined the Patriot in... X27 ; t telegraph our moves to the British Loyalist migration North and South were. Vast militia to cover their whole territory England or moved to Canada after the war against the because! Been a Patriot using social, political, and the King reasons to be a loyalist or patriot colony... Family ties to elites in Great Britain tended to favor the Loyalist cause every level! Military and maritime power that about 40-45 % of white men were Patriots on earth could they expected! Loyalist migration North and South Carolina were ambivalent about the Revolution freedom those. You with any book or any question eventually, independence, came to be a Loyalist & x27. In May 1775, the Massachusetts Committee of Safety stopped the enlistment of slaves escaped during the American colonies that... Relationship with the Church of England have made a different decision before and during the American Revolution was a military! Through peaceful means instead of open rebellion of some to stay loyal to Great Britain entire! Of course, many people never took a position seriously jeopardized relied on slave labor and were hesitant about reasons to be a loyalist or patriot! Although Samuel Seabury might not be a Loyalist during this time be able to: to unlock this,. Keep working in the Revolutionary World ended, most Loyalists went home to England own grounds and had. Hamilton should be able to identify him job in the Bill of Rights Institute from excerpt... You with any book or any question once the war against the British from 1775 to 1783 ban black. For many were the Enlightenment had been faithful British citizens for their own to freedom without..