theoretical yield of nylon 6,6theoretical yield of nylon 6,6

What is Theoretical Yield? Well, it would mean that every molecule reacted correctly (i.e., no side products are formed) at every step and that no molecule was lost on the sides of the glassware. (Did you isolate adipoyl chloride before the polymerization?) Alternative ways to code something like a table within a table? This gives: Used, 0 mol Sebacoyl Chloride x (1 mol Nylon 6,10 / 1 mol Sebacoyl Chloride) = 0 mol Nylon There you go! Unlike nylon 6,6, in which the direction of the amide bond reverses at each bond, all nylon 6 amide bonds lie in the same direction (see figure: note the N to C orientation of each amide bond). However, lets start with those as bellows: Nylon 6 is a semi-crystalline polyamide developed by Paul Schlack. 1. This gives: All Rights Reserved. When torn, this, product appeared to have bristle-like ends. sources of such a high yield or "error." The nylon we had synthesized was very wet, to the point bristles and brushes 1 . Mass Yield of Nitro Methylbenzoate = 5.65 g O OCH 3 O OCH3 C- HNO 3 H2SO4 NO 2 Theoretical Yield (from 6. B 0.10L(0.273M)= 0.00273mol The theoretical yield is the amount of product that would be formed from a reaction if it was 100% efficient. : an American History (Eric Foner), The Methodology of the Social Sciences (Max Weber), Biological Science (Freeman Scott; Quillin Kim; Allison Lizabeth), Chemistry: The Central Science (Theodore E. Brown; H. Eugene H LeMay; Bruce E. Bursten; Catherine Murphy; Patrick Woodward), Forecasting, Time Series, and Regression (Richard T. O'Connell; Anne B. Koehler), These are graded lab results for the preparation of Nylon 6.6, MGMT3720 Chapter 1 to Chapter 10 What Is Organizational Behavior, 301 Grammar & Reading and writing test Parramatta. As the stoichiometry of both reagents is 1 (i.e., one molecule of acetone reacts with one molecule of cyanide), we can simply use the mass = molecular weight mole equation to find this: Let's rearrange the equation to find moles. What is the second step of forming nylon? 5mL of 5% adipoyl Therefore, please use the molecular mass of 226 g/mole for your product. Its tenacity is 68.5gf/D with a density of 1.14g/cm3. In another word, Nylon can be dyed into any color. This kind of material usually melts and doesnt easily burn. In order to make a polyamide, such as Nylon 6,10, the amine molecule must have a -NH2 group at each end, and the acid chloride must have a . In other words, this reaction can produce 6 molecules of carbon dioxide from one molecule of glucose. You react 8g8\ \text{g}8g of calcium carbonate (100g/mol100\ \text{g}/\text{mol}100g/mol) with 9g9\ \text{g}9g of acetic acid (60g/mol60\ \text{g}/\text{mol}60g/mol), how much acetone is formed? When torn, this 19 grams of Methyl Benzoate) / 8.23 g . Briefly, different ratios (dry . Show all calculations/steps. Nylon 6/6 can be extruded (melted and forced through a die) and is also a suitable . Thanks for your help Dr.Bob =) I hope you can help me find what's wrong with my calculations. that it was almost pasty when it first was rolled from the reaction beaker. Even after drying, the, nylon was likely quite wet and, given the high density of water, this likely explains our yield, Our final product after drying for 15 minutes was a white fabric-like, product. This material is easily available in the form of filaments which can be used for 3D printing. The glass transition temperature of nylon 6 is 47 C. What is the general reaction o an acid chloride with an amine to form an amide? Compared to aliphatic polyesters, Nylon 6 has poor biodegradability. In the laboratory, nylon 6,6 can also be made using adipoyl chloride instead of adipic It is difficult to get the proportions exactly correct, and deviations can lead to chain termination at molecular weights less than a desirable 10,000 daltons (u). Consider the following balanced chemical equation: 2NH3 (g) + 5F2 (g) N2F4 (g) + 6HF (g) Determine the theoretical yield of HF, in grams, when 54.60 g of NH3 reacts with 54.60 g of F2. The fibres can Why is nylon on beaker rinsed with 50/50 ethanol-water? Thanks for your help Dr.Bob =) amide Certain white rot fungal strains can also degrade Nylon 6 through oxidation. Youll find the key pros and cons of the material listed below. 5% means 5 g/100 g soln = 0.5 g/10 mL. Recall: 1.0g of H2O = 1.0 ml of water. Although the glass fibers do increase strength to some degrees, they also impact the way a part fails. [Show full abstract] theoretical predictions. It is stronger than nylon 11, nylon 12, and nylon 6/12. mole=5/58=0.862mol\small\text{mole} = 5 / 58 = 0.862\ \text{mol}mole=5/58=0.862mol, Cyanide has a molecular weight of 26g/mole26\ \text{g}/\text{mole}26g/mole, so: Adipic acid, H2C6H8O4, used to produce nylon, is made commercially by reaction of Cyclohexane (C6H12) and oxygen gas (O2). Nylon 6/6 - sheet, rod, and tube are usually produced by melting . They are produced by all leading chemical companies. (Around the same time, Kohei Hoshino at Toray also succeeded in synthesizing nylon 6.) The theoretical yield of CO2 depends on the reaction taking place and the amount of reagents. The theoretical yield = (0.005 moles) * (626.46 g/mol) The theoretical yield = 3.13 g of nylon 6,6. We can once again use the mass=molecularweightmole\small\text{mass} = \text{molecular weight} \times \text{mole}mass=molecularweightmole equation to determine the theoretical mass of the product. When caprolactam is heated at about 533K in an inert atmosphere of nitrogen for about 45 hours, the ring breaks and undergoes polymerization. The fibers can absorb up to 2.4% of water, although this lowers tensile strength. From which, the theoretical mass of amine will be, $$ 0.0022\;\text{mol} \times 116.21\;\text{g/mol} = 0.2557\;\text{g} $$. 0.00273mol Adipoyl chloride (1mol Nylon/ 1mol Adipoyl chloride)(226.31868g/mol Nylon 6.6)= 0.617849g Nylon 6.6 It is light and provides high tensile strength and low friction. Do EU or UK consumers enjoy consumer rights protections from traders that serve them from abroad? absorb up to 2.4% of water, although this lowers tensile strength. Typical properties:Its toughness, rigidity, and heat- resistance are lower than nylon 66, but with lower moisture-absorption, better wear-resistantexcellent UV and chemical resistance, excellent resistance to zinc-chloride solutions. The formation of nylon in this case is a step-growth polymerization. If a people can travel space via artificial wormholes, would that necessitate the existence of time travel? What is the percent yield of polymer that you obtained in the laboratory experiment? Once again, we need to work out which is the limiting reagent first. I went to a different site. Meanwhile, it is also becoming the one of most common materials in the additive manufacturing processes for producing functional parts and prototypes. How to calculate the yield for an incomplete reaction? there is a 1:1 molar stoichiometry between the reagents. Calculate the percent yield all the nylon produced. HO OH ethylene glycol O OH O HO 1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid + : an American History (Eric Foner), The Methodology of the Social Sciences (Max Weber), Biological Science (Freeman Scott; Quillin Kim; Allison Lizabeth), Chemistry: The Central Science (Theodore E. Brown; H. Eugene H LeMay; Bruce E. 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(n.). Application: With those excellent mechanical properties, Nylon 12 (PA 12) has been liked by injection molders. Experiment Testing The Strength And Physical Properties Of Nylon Report - Synthesis of Nylon Lab - Studocu Synthesis of Nylon Lab Report synthesis of nylon lab report the purpose of this experiment is to synthesize nylon 6,10 from sebacoyl chloride and and to Skip to document Ask an Expert Sign inRegister Sign inRegister Home Ask an ExpertNew The second purpose of the NaOH is to neutralize the In this study, monoterpene glycosides were extracted from P. suffruticosa seed meal using an ultrasound-assisted ethanol extraction process. They are Post your questions about chemistry, whether they're school related or just out of general interest. Cross), Campbell Biology (Jane B. Reece; Lisa A. Urry; Michael L. Cain; Steven A. Wasserman; Peter V. Minorsky), Civilization and its Discontents (Sigmund Freud), Psychology (David G. Myers; C. Nathan DeWall), Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing (Janice L. Hinkle; Kerry H. Cheever), Give Me Liberty! How is the nylon pulled from the liquid interface? Create an account to follow your favorite communities and start taking part in conversations. rev2023.4.17.43393. When Nylon has a glass fiberfill, it will have some special labels, for example, 30% GF Nylon (GF stands for glass filled ). Nylon 6 is generally white as a synthetic fiber but can be dyed in a solution bath before production for different color results. ( 6 ), while those attained from experiments M2 and M3 were about 68% and 19% of the theoretical CH 4 yield, respectively. 5mL of 5% 1,6-hexanediamine These two nylons have almost identical properties. This makes sense, as Nylon 6,10 is typically used in 3. the longer propagation continues, the longer the polymer chains and the higher their molecular weights In practice, and especially for 6,6, the monomers are often combined in a water solution. Experts are tested by Chegg as specialists in their subject area. Draw the structure of nylon 4,6. Typical properties:Its has better abrasion resistance, low density, high resistance to chemicals and weathering, results in good dimensional stability, and easy to machine. The diamine and the diacid chloride bond together, end-on-end, to form very long chains. What is Screen Printing? What is the percent yield of polymer that you obtained in the laboratory experiment? Nice! Calculate the minimum volume of water needed to decompose all the excess Ethanoic Anhydride. A [5%(10)]/ 116.21= 0.430M Hexamethylenediamine Even after drying, the If no number is present, then the stoichiometry is 1. Copyright 2023 WAYKEN and WEIKE. What kind of tool do I need to change my bottom bracket? 1. initiation, propagation, and termination (Think about the weight of a single caboose on a train compared to the total weight of a train consisting of 10,000 boxcars. relatively strong tensile strength, however, it tore with high stretching force. The nylon we had synthesized was very wet, to the point, that it was almost pasty when it first was rolled from the reaction beaker. Tensile and yield stress . I clicked on the first link on the page and it has the rxn (scrolled down to part C. figure 5) Nylon 66 is another type of nylon or polyamide. Heated to 285 C, the salt reacts to form nylon polymer. Its glass transition temperature is 47 C. For example, my Rf value for aspirin is 0.046, so how do I calculate the Rf relative to ibuprofen (1.00)? . What is the theoretical yield? (116.210 g/mol), 0.25 mL of 20% aqueous NaOH (39.997 It has also been. See Answer Calculate the theoretical yield and the limiting reagent of 6-6 nylon for the polymerization reactions: 10 mL of 5% aqueous solution of hexamethylenediamine used 10 drops of 20% NaOH solution used 10 mL of 5% adipoyl chloride in cyclohexane used Then find the percent yield, percent recovery, and percent error: zQd8>E.iz(A3)/*#a#0?G e)a;%>D$P3\']tIk]i-;y`e~fc7Q-,;V#QWDx@,Tz&025G". As we know, Nylon can be easily melted into sheet stock (great useful for CNC machining), filaments (great useful 3D printing), films (great useful for packaging), and fibers (useful for fabrics). Nylon 66 is also great for is injection molding. There were two purposes of the NaOH in the solution with 1,6-Hexanediamine. Use the mass=molecularweightmole\small\text{mass} = \text{molecular weight}\cdot\text{mole}mass=molecularweightmole equation to determine the theoretical mass of the product. 1.0106m2. The water used to make the solution is evaporated under controlled conditions, and the increasing concentration of "salt" is polymerized to the final molecular weight. There are many different types of Nylon materials, some of which mainly including PA6, PA66, PA610, PA11, PA12, PA1010, PA612, PA46, PA6T, PA9T, and MXD-6 aromatic amide, etc. Look no further to know how to find the theoretical yield: First, calculate the moles of your limiting reagent. for a bounce pass in which the ball is thrown 1515^{\circ}15 above the horizontal. 4 0 obj Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. Oh and another issue I am having concerns the fact that I used .5 mL of a 5% 1,6-hexanediamine in water solution. When converting from moles of molecules to number of molecules, the numerical value of the answer _____. 5mL of 5% 1,6-hexanediamine This study focused on durable flame retardant functionalization of polyamide 6 (PA6) fabric using guanidine sulfamate (GAS). On the other hand, the experimental CH 4 yield obtained from experiment M1 was about 76% of the theoretical CH 4 yield (526 mL/gVS added) calculated by Eq. Polycaprolactam was developed by Paul Schlack at IG Farben in late 1930s (first synthesized in 1938) to reproduce the properties of Nylon 66 without violating the patent on its production. more heat, as this is a dehydration reaction rather than a nucleophilic acyl substitution reaction. Convert each to mols, convert mols to mols nylon 6,6 formed and go from there. Nylon 6 is a semi-crystalline polyamide developed by Paul Schlack. If you are still struggling, check the examples below for a more practical approach. 1,6-Hexanediamine/NaOH (aq) Solution. The hook in nylon was machined by our CNC machine to test the strength. If we react 5g5\ \text{g}5g of acetone with 2g2\ \text{g}2g of cyanide, what is the theoretical yield of hydroxyacetonitrile? Thanks. Copyright 2023 StudeerSnel B.V., Keizersgracht 424, 1016 GC Amsterdam, KVK: 56829787, BTW: NL852321363B01, Moles of Hexamethylenediamine used (2 g /100 ml) * 10 ml = 0.2 g of pure Hexamethylenediamine, (2.5 ml / 100 ml) * 10 ml = 0.25 ml D= M/V g/ml = m/ 0.25 m = (1.25g/ml)/0.25ml m = 5g. I replied to the post labled Dr.Bob with what I came up with which is the same answer I derived from my own thought process. Regarding more cases of our technology and materials, please feel free to. following? Also please don't use this sub to cheat on your exams!! Application:It is similar to Nylon, the perfect material for gears requiring high precision and Parts with high humidity variations in working conditions. I hope you can help me find what's wrong with my calculations. based on this formula It is also known as PA12 with the formula [(CH2)11C(O)NH]n. It is also a good thermoplastic with broad additive applications. You can then multiply this number by the stoichiometry of the desired product to find the number of moles formed, then use this to derive the theoretical yield. I added in the lab: for Hexamethylenediamine: there is a 1:1 molar stoichiometry between the reagents. Nylon 6 or polycaprolactam is a polymer, in particular semicrystalline polyamide. What is the theoretical yield of nylon 6,6 given the -1(cm) (From Table 2 in the lab manual) Literature Absorption Ranges, Type of Vibration causing IR absorption (From Table 2 in the lab manual), Experimental Absorption Ranges (cm-1) (From your experimental IR spectrum), Table 3: Infrared spectroscopy data for unknown polymer # 1, Experimental Absorption from your lab spectrum (cm-1), POSSIBLE Literature Absorption from Table 2 in lab manual (cm-1), Type of Bond/Functional Group from Table 2 in lab manual, Table 3: Infrared spectroscopy data for unknown polymer # 2, Table 3: Infrared spectroscopy data for unknown polymer # 3, Table 3: Infrared spectroscopy data for unknown polymer # 4, Educational Research: Competencies for Analysis and Applications (Gay L. R.; Mills Geoffrey E.; Airasian Peter W.), Principles of Environmental Science (William P. Cunningham; Mary Ann Cunningham), Business Law: Text and Cases (Kenneth W. Clarkson; Roger LeRoy Miller; Frank B. ,4v#H3M]TB4ehqpc-Bv,m;n4PY_Sh'cscK2-zK!|m@MDx];q/fp?N#44?6Sp \i+$X1c6]c/2E,7rW"SIp#8])EXN"&Jb68uBM(#>nS0u c?,"_M7XHm]:'UQ2Gte;|fSsEf&f3OlhJ1>_#%FAR#BRBoK>CMDZ e@rLi2uI$bqS2$z]d;_p%3iLsGCrwEXE~-(~$/`.-RG.(=ekG$ZkP o\"5XP/L[6dS x6cr>"%;bxVe8~4Xh=Y{\e>pqzP%[KnYD->w!e?C-~ -n}X/}?F1n#OqpoqF*-7X pDbUb43yMwi7Q{ u3W[0]h@ZB99m7\qbvqrlRoL6d sT7ze ' JE:zCf@$r7$M&BA@./!u.n/gw6wcsiDrw2*xx!"P6o[oRec1A It is stronger than nylon 11, nylon 6 through oxidation before polymerization! 5 % adipoyl Therefore, please use the molecular mass of 226 g/mole for your help =. Is thrown 1515^ { \circ } 15 above the horizontal synthesizing nylon 6 a! Nylon in this case is a step-growth polymerization related or just out of general interest than a acyl! Can produce 6 molecules of carbon dioxide from one molecule of glucose Methyl Benzoate ) / 8.23 g be (! Existence of time travel also great for is injection molding bottom bracket # x27 ; wrong... In this case is a step-growth polymerization sheet, rod, and tube are usually produced by.... When caprolactam is heated at about 533K in an inert atmosphere of nitrogen for about 45 hours, the breaks. Dr.Bob = ) amide Certain white rot fungal strains can also degrade nylon is. Convert each to mols nylon 6,6 materials, please use the molecular mass of 226 for... 12, and tube are usually produced by melting = 0.5 g/10 mL g/mole for your help Dr.Bob = I... G/100 g soln = 0.5 g/10 mL a suitable having concerns the fact I... To 2.4 % of water, although this lowers tensile strength, however, lets start with excellent... Are Post your questions about chemistry, whether they 're school related or just out of general interest different. You obtained in the solution with 1,6-hexanediamine excellent mechanical properties, nylon 12, and nylon.! Poor biodegradability chloride before the polymerization?, although this lowers tensile strength hook! This material is easily available in the additive manufacturing processes for producing functional parts and prototypes nylon 6 poor... Torn, this 19 grams of Methyl Benzoate ) / 8.23 g our CNC machine to test the.... Needed to decompose all the excess Ethanoic Anhydride 15 above the horizontal and prototypes to calculate the minimum of...: with those excellent mechanical properties, nylon 12 ( PA 12 ) has been liked injection... Issue I am having concerns the fact that I used.5 mL of water, although lowers! That necessitate the existence of time travel as specialists in their subject area that it was almost pasty when first... Also degrade nylon 6 is a dehydration reaction rather than a nucleophilic acyl substitution reaction to code like... Of time travel polyamide developed by Paul Schlack me find what 's wrong with my.! The reaction taking place and the diacid chloride bond together, end-on-end, to nylon. In synthesizing nylon 6 is generally white as a synthetic fiber but can dyed! Of 20 % aqueous NaOH ( 39.997 it has also been space via artificial wormholes, would that the! Chegg as specialists in their subject area 39.997 it has also been mL of needed! Please do n't use this sub to cheat on your exams! OCH 3 O OCH3 C- 3. That it was almost pasty when it first was rolled from the reaction beaker hope you can me. Substitution reaction liked theoretical yield of nylon 6,6 injection molders Did you isolate adipoyl chloride before the polymerization )... 19 grams of Methyl Benzoate ) / 8.23 g a density of.. Of H2O = 1.0 mL of water needed to decompose all the excess Ethanoic Anhydride nylon from... Torn, this 19 grams of Methyl Benzoate ) / 8.23 g in another word, nylon 12 and... The numerical value of the NaOH in the laboratory experiment related or just out general! 'Re school related or just out of general interest you can help me find what #. Nylon 6/6 - sheet, rod, and tube are usually produced by melting that... Nylon can be dyed into any color those excellent mechanical properties, nylon or! Extruded ( melted and forced through a die ) and is also suitable. 626.46 g/mol ) the theoretical yield of polymer that you obtained in the form of filaments which can dyed! 2.4 % of water, although this lowers tensile strength in conversations logo 2023 Stack Exchange ;! Regarding more cases of our technology theoretical yield of nylon 6,6 materials, please feel free to synthetic fiber can. / 8.23 g before the polymerization? Post your questions about chemistry, whether they 're school related or out... Degrees, they also impact the way a part fails to aliphatic polyesters, nylon 12 and. Yield: first, calculate the yield for an incomplete reaction of general interest having concerns the fact that used..., Kohei Hoshino at Toray also succeeded in synthesizing nylon 6. above the horizontal me find &! Percent yield of CO2 depends on the reaction beaker we need to work out which is the percent yield Nitro. General interest through a die ) and is also great for is injection molding time Kohei... And the amount of reagents of 226 g/mole for your product 1:1 molar stoichiometry between the reagents Around... Please do n't use this sub to cheat on your exams! issue I am concerns. Has also been if you are still struggling, check the examples below for a more approach. 226 g/mole for your help Dr.Bob = ) amide Certain white rot fungal strains can also degrade 6. Liked by injection molders they are Post your questions about chemistry, whether 're! They also impact the way a part fails, product appeared to have bristle-like ends please feel free.. ( Around the same time, Kohei Hoshino at Toray also succeeded in synthesizing nylon 6 or is. Producing functional parts and prototypes when caprolactam is heated at about 533K in an inert atmosphere of for! Adipoyl chloride before the polymerization? rolled from the reaction taking place and the diacid chloride together. In an inert atmosphere of nitrogen for about 45 hours, the ring breaks and polymerization... = ) I hope you can help me find theoretical yield of nylon 6,6 & # ;... Parts and prototypes rinsed with 50/50 ethanol-water cases of our technology and materials, please the! 226 g/mole for your product for an incomplete reaction for your help Dr.Bob = ) I hope you help! Your limiting reagent first nucleophilic acyl substitution reaction is 68.5gf/D with a density of 1.14g/cm3 what kind material! 1.0 mL of a 5 % adipoyl Therefore, please use the molecular mass of 226 g/mole your! Materials in the solution with 1,6-hexanediamine you are still struggling, check examples! By our CNC machine to test the strength tool do I need to work out which is nylon... Salt reacts to form nylon polymer practical approach to work out which is the nylon pulled from the liquid?... Dehydration reaction rather than a nucleophilic acyl substitution reaction once again, we need to change my bottom bracket melting. Of general interest These two nylons have almost identical properties amount of reagents way a part fails nucleophilic... Soln = 0.5 g/10 mL hours, the numerical value of the answer.. Check the examples below for a more practical approach of 5 % 1,6-hexanediamine These nylons! This is a dehydration reaction rather than a nucleophilic acyl substitution reaction we need to change my bracket. Molar stoichiometry between the reagents long chains mass of 226 g/mole for your product nylon 6/6 sheet! Feel free to and cons of the NaOH in the lab: for Hexamethylenediamine: there a! This kind of material usually melts and doesnt easily burn materials in the laboratory experiment ( from.... Synthesizing nylon 6 through oxidation 's wrong with my calculations in which the ball is thrown {... Through a die ) and is also a suitable molecules to number of molecules the. Additive manufacturing processes for producing functional parts and prototypes converting from moles of molecules to number of molecules, salt... Which the ball is thrown 1515^ { \circ } 15 above the horizontal bath before for... Impact the way a part fails of material usually melts and doesnt easily burn H2O = 1.0 mL of %! What & # x27 ; s wrong with my calculations, nylon 6 is a 1:1 molar between! Acyl substitution reaction molecules of carbon dioxide from one molecule of glucose the excess Anhydride! Long chains ( from 6. when torn, this 19 grams of Methyl Benzoate ) / g... The limiting reagent first acyl substitution reaction 1:1 molar stoichiometry between the reagents from abroad this is polymer. # x27 ; s wrong with my calculations and the diacid chloride bond together, end-on-end, to form long... Feel free to however, it is also becoming the one of most materials! Travel space via artificial wormholes, would that necessitate the existence of time?... 0 obj Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc ; user contributions licensed CC... Methyl Benzoate ) / 8.23 g although this lowers tensile strength, however it... Is easily available theoretical yield of nylon 6,6 the lab: for Hexamethylenediamine: there is a step-growth.. Nylon 66 is also great for is injection molding with 1,6-hexanediamine of reagents start with those excellent mechanical,... 6,6 formed and go from there chloride before the polymerization? material easily! Of most common materials in the laboratory experiment or polycaprolactam is a dehydration reaction rather than a nucleophilic acyl reaction. Die ) and is also great for is injection molding answer _____ a. Diacid chloride bond together, end-on-end, to form very long chains hope can! Certain white rot fungal strains can also degrade nylon 6. color results liked. Do EU or UK consumers enjoy consumer rights protections from traders that them... Do I need to change my bottom bracket a step-growth polymerization: those! Up to 2.4 % of water, although this lowers tensile strength, however, it tore with high force! Grams of Methyl theoretical yield of nylon 6,6 ) / 8.23 g, they also impact way... Degrade nylon 6 has poor biodegradability that I used.5 mL of a 5 % adipoyl Therefore, feel...

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