Genetic instruments are selected based on their association with the concentration of a specific micronutrient (assumption 1), but do not directly . Since the parental allele is allocated to the offspring randomly at conception, the MR results are less likely to be influenced by . 95% CI = 95%. 9. verfasst von: Xiong Chen, Xiaosi Hong, Wenjing Gao, Shulu Luo, Jiahao Cai, Guochang Liu, Yinong Huang . For instance, physical activity is related to a decreased risk of several chronic diseases, 16-18 and it may postpone the onset of dementia. Physical activity can enhance brain functions, but healthy cognition may also promote engagement in physical activity. Methods: For genetic instruments, we selected independent top SNPs associated with major depressive disorder (MDD, N = 143,265) and two physical activity phenotypes—self-reported (N = 377,234) and objective The repository consists of two sections: The folder structure and code to reproduce our analysis in the /R folder. Please see later in the article for . 2019; 76:399-408. Estimates of univariate MR with and without body mass index (BMI) correction and multivariable MR are shown. In Mendelian randomization (MR), . Inverse variance weighted (IVW) and median weighted effect estimates for the association between physical activity phenotypes and schizophrenia risk using mendelian randomization (MR). 19 Choi KW, Chen CY, Stein MB, Firth J, Veronese N, Solmi M, Brand S, Cordes J, Malchow B, Gerber M, et al. Unraveling the directional link between adiposity and inflammation: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization . The fitted line denotes the overall estimate given by the IVW method with all instrumental variants included . . 2020;183:360-9. for physical activity, it is largely unresolved whether these relations are causal or due to bias. (OH)D and cardiovascular mortality may be confounded by factors such as obesity and physical activity. . The strengths of the present studies include the use of genome-wide summary results for objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time, which avoided misreporting bias evident for self-reported measures, as well as the use of newly developed Mendelian randomization method that utilizes full genome-wide summary results to improve . Given that both PA and LSB have been established as major influencing factors for obesity, diabetes and . The results suggest that increased adiposity causes a reduction in physical activity in children; however, this study does not exclude lower physical activity also leading to increasing adiposity. The lack of established causality between physical activity and CVD is further shown by mendelian randomization (MR) studies which have not been able to establish an association between . Mendelian randomization Abbreviations ALS Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis PA Physical activity MR Mendelian randomization GWAS Genome-wide association study MVPA Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity VPA Vigorous physical activity SSOE Strenuous sports or other exercises IVs Instrumental variants SNPs Single nucleotide polymorphisms IVW Mendelian randomization suggests a bidirectional, causal relationship between physical inactivity and adiposity. A Mendelian randomization study of the causal association between anxiety phenotypes and schizophrenia. Keywords: Physical activity (PA), Leisure sedentary behavior (LSB), COVID-19, Mendelian randomization (MR), Causal effect Introduction Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has struck humans globally with devastating impacts [ 1 , 2 ]. However, effect estimates previously derived from observational studies were prone to confounding or reverse causation. Assessment of bidirectional relationships between physical activity and depression among adults a 2‐sample Mendelian randomization study. A detailed description of the above PA phenotypes can be found in the original article of Doherty Aiden et al. Although physical activity variables showed some of the largest protective relationships with incident depression, their effects were not bolstered in Mendelian randomization. Methods and results We used single . For instance, physical activity is related to a decreased risk of several chronic diseases,16-18 and it may postpone the onset of dementia.19 In contrast, physical inactivity has been identified as one of the leading risk factors for global mortality.20 In 2013, the global economic burden of physical inactivity was estimated to range from INT . Keywords: Mendelian randomization, genetically driven insulin resistance, obesity, physical activity, high-fat diet, colorectal cancer, postmenopausal women. First, as noted above, the validity of the method relies on the assumption that genotype is unrelated to any factors that could confound the exposure-outcome relationship. To clarify, we assessed the causal role of AF on . In 2010, there were 61 published articles in PubMed while in 2020, there were 892 articles. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet. We performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to examine whether genetically predicted PA and sedentary behavior are related to coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, and ischemic stroke. Objective We investigated the associations between accelerometer-based physical activity and sedentary behavior with type 2 diabetes and several glycemic traits using two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis. mendelian randomization (mr) has been increasingly utilized as a novel method to identify the exposure-outcome relationship by using genetic variants as instrumental variables. Another Mendelian randomization study provided support . However, causal relationship between PA and risk of lung cancer is not clear. A Mendelian Randomization Approach for Assessing the Relationship Between Physical Activity and Depression. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This 2-sample mendelian randomization (MR) used independent top genetic variants associated with 2 physical activity phenotypes-self-reported (n = 377 234) and objective accelerometer-based (n = 91 084)-and with major depressive disorder (MDD) (n = 143 265) as genetic instruments from the largest available . Citation: Jung SY, Papp JC, Sobel EM and Zhang Z-F (2020) Mendelian Randomization Study: The Association Between Metabolic Pathways and Colorectal Cancer Risk. Panel A shows Mendelian randomization assumptions when estimating the causal association between a given exposure and outcome: (1) The instruments are associated with the exposure, (2) the … GWAS data for physical activity were obtained from the UK Biobank [29, 30]. Mendelian randomization suggests a bidirectional, causal relationship between physical inactivity and adiposity. Mendelian randomization studies have grown in popularity in the past two decades. The Mendelian randomisation (MR) result corresponds to a random effects model due to heterogeneity across the genetic instruments. Association of mental health with the risk of coronary artery disease in patients with diabetes: A mendelian randomization study. E-mail address: jaana.t.kari@jyu.fi. Mendelian randomization studies have show n that physical activity lowers the risk o f adiposity 24 and that obesity increases risks of b reast and endometrial cancers 12 -14,25 , which Several mechanisms could explain how physical activity enhances general cognitive functioning (19, 25-31). Despite of some supportive trial data for physical activity, it is largely unresolved whether these relations are causal or due to bias. Article Google Scholar Physical activity included three phenotypes: self-reported moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), accelerometer-assessed PA, and accelerometer-assessed fraction accelerations > 425 milligravities. Mendelian randomization (MR) . We aimed to inspect the causal effect of PA on lung cancer. Objective Evidence from observational studies for the effect of physical activity on the risk of Alzheimer disease (AD) is inconclusive. Factors associated with COVID-19 outcomes include age, body mass index (BMI), physical activity levels, . 2019; 76:399-408. OR indicates odds ratio. Welsh P, Poliseki E, Robertson M, et al. Here, Timpson and colleagues performed a Mendelian Randomization analysis to determine whether childhood adiposity causally influences levels of physical activity. Monounsaturated-fat levels were positively associated with overall-prostate-cancer risk. Alternatively, the SNPs being used as proxies for education could affect intelligence, and consequently educational attainment, but all of the effects of the SNPs on the outcome could . Background: The causal relationship between physical activity (PA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) remains uncertain. Mendelian randomisation (MR) is a complementary approach that uses naturally occurring genetic variation to identify possible causal effects between a risk factor and an outcome in a time-efficient. In a Mendelian randomization analysis using education as a single exposure, this horizontal pleiotropy would violate the third Mendelian randomization assumption. Panel A shows Mendelian randomization assumptions when estimating the causal association between a given exposure and outcome: (1) The instruments are associated with the exposure, (2) the … Figure 2 have indicated that physical activity may improve cognitive functioning (13-19), but recent studies have also suggested that well-functioning cognitive skills can influence engagement in physical activity (8, 20-24). eLife, 11, e70386. "Real-Time Mobile Monitoring of the Dynamic Associations Among Motor Activity, Energy, Mood, and Sleep in Adults With Bipolar Disorder" can be accessed here. Table. Several mechanisms could explain how physical activity enhances general cognitive functioning (19, 25-31). We used results from genome-wide association studies for. 17-19 mr helps to make a more reliable causal inference than conventional epidemiology studies, especially in the presence of confounding and reverse causality. Physical activity is known to be protective for a wide range of chronic conditions (such as cardiovascular disease and cancer), and the evidence for protection against PD has strengthened in the past two decades. Education leads to a more physically active lifestyle: Evidence based on Mendelian randomization. We aimed to assess the causal effect of PA on SLE by two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study.Methods: Summary statistics of SLE were obtained from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis of European descent, including 4,036 cases and 6,959 controls . The findings were replicated with the . Background: The 2019 coronavirus disease pandemic (COVID-19) poses an enormous threat to public health worldwide, and the ensuing management of social isolation has greatly decreased opportunities for physical activity (PA) and increased opportunities for leisure sedentary behaviors (LSB). Mendelian randomization analysis of the effect of physical activity on AD. Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative condition, and the number of people living with PD is projected to double by 2030. We performed a 2-sample mendelian randomization analysis to examine whether physical activity is protective for AD. Aims Observational evidence suggests that physical activity (PA) is inversely and sedentarism positively related with cardiovascular disease risk. Mendelian randomization evidence suggested a protective relationship between accelerometer-based activity and MDD (odds ratio [OR], 0.74 for MDD per 1-SD increase in mean acceleration; 95% CI, 0 . Although we have excluded the interference of related diseases, medical treatment, and clinical characteristics as far as possible, the retrospective study may still . We introduce bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) to assess potential causal inference between physical activity and CBP. DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2018.4175. The data were adjusted for covariates . 4). Physical activity can reduce the levels of circulating insulin and insulin-like growth factor, promote cell proliferation in breast tissues, and prevent cancer development in these areas. This study triangulated evidence across multivariable regression (MVR) and one- (1SMR) and two-sample Mendelian randomization (2SMR) including sensitivity analyses on the effects of five self-reported sleep traits (i.e., insomnia symptoms [difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep], sleep duration, daytime sleepiness, napping, and chronotype) on HbA 1c (in SD units) in adults of European . Here, we used bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) to test causal influences between physical activity and depression. Methods Summary data of genome-wide association studies on physical activity and AD were used. Genetic liability for prescription opioid use and risk of cardiovascular diseases: a multivariable . The results suggest that increased adiposity causes a reduction in physical activity in children; however, this study does not exclude lower physical activity also leading to increasing adiposity. Materials and Methods: This two-sample MR used independent genetic variants associated with physical activity and CBP as genetic instruments from large genome-wide association studies (GWASs). In both genders, increasing physical activity significantly reduced BMI . and the levels of TC/ApoB may be fluctuated with the influence of dietary habits, 41 physical activity, 42 and other variates in the past decade. Methods We analyzed summary data of accelerator-measured PA and lung cancer from the genome-wide association study (GWAS) using two . Physical activity and cognitive functioning are strongly intertwined. Jaana T. Kari. Methods Genome-wide . These effects were likely to be causal. View ORCID Profile Germán D. Carrasquilla, . Front. We conducted a Mendelian randomization (MR) study to identify the potential causal effect between physical activity and cardiovascular diseases. The primary study population included 21,982 . Background Lifestyle factors including obesity and smoking are suggested to be correlated with increased risk of COVID-19 severe illness or related death. logOR = log odds ratio (black filled circle). Our analyses suggest that higher moderate and vigorous physical activity are causal for lower BMI (moderate: -0.18 (-0.3,-0.05), P=0.006; vigorous: -0.16 (-0.24,-0.08), P=3.8x10-4), but indicate that the association between higher BMI and lower levels of physical activity is due to horizontal pleiotropy.The bidirectional, causal relationship between sedentary time and BMI suggests that . JAMA Psychiatry. 19 In contrast, . Unraveling the directional link between adiposity and inflammation: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization . Physical activity can enhance brain functions, but healthy cognition may also promote engagement in physical activity. 19 Choi KW, Chen CY, Stein MB, Firth J, Veronese N, Solmi M, Brand S, Cordes J, Malchow B, Gerber M, et al. Methods: We performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to explore the causal association of accelerometer-measured physical activity with 3 common . Background: Recent observational studies have reported a negative association between physical activity and chronic back pain (CBP), but the causality of the association remains unknown. Here, Timpson and colleagues performed a Mendelian Randomization analysis to determine whether childhood adiposity causally influences levels of physical activity. To assess causality, a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed to investigate the associations of a genetic predisposition to physical activity and a sedentary lifestyle with the risk of kidney function impairment in an independent CKDGen genome-wide association study (N = 567 460). Assessment of bidirectional relationships between physical activity and depression among adults a 2‐sample Mendelian randomization study. "Assessment of Bidirectional Relationships Between Physical Activity and Depression Among Adults: A 2-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study." JAMA Psychiatry (First published online: January 23 . Methods: Summary statistics of genome-wide association studies on four physical activity phenotypes and cardiovascular diseases were utilized. have indicated that physical activity may improve cognitive functioning (13-19), but recent studies have also suggested that well-functioning cognitive skills can influence engagement in physical activity (8, 20-24). In conclusion, our present Mendelian randomization study provided strong evidence to suggest that higher educational attainment played a causal role in . Background: The causal relationship between physical activity (PA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) remains uncertain. Recently, Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis has become widely used to assess the potential causality of a risk factor of interest upon an outcome by using genetic variants as instrumental variables (IV). PLOS Med 2014;11. Scatter plots depict the genetic variant−physical activity effect (point and horizontal line) vs. the genetic variant−AD effect (point and horizontal line). Background: Physical activity has been hypothesized to play a protective role in neurodegenerative diseases. physical activity score - 6.2 1.3 - 6.4 1.4 - 6.1 1.3 - . DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2018.4175. Assessing causality in the association between childhood adiposity and physical activity levels: a Mendelian randomization analysis. Here, we assessed the bidirectional relationships between physical activity and general cognitive functioning using Latent . The repository consists of two sections: The folder structure and code to reproduce our analysis in the /R folder. We used results from genome -wide association . However, whether these relationships are causal is not well known; neither for the relationships between COVID-19 severe illness and other common lifestyle factors, such as physical activity and alcohol consumption. 1 Physical activity and risk of breast and endometrial cancers: a Mendelian randomization study Hansjörg Baurecht, PhD1*; Michael Leitzmann, MD1; Tracy O'Mara, PhD2, Deborah J Thompson3, the collaborators of the Endometrial Cancer Association Consortium§, Alexander Teumer, PhD4*; Sebastian E. Baumeister, PhD5,6* 1 Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg . Atrial fibrillation (AF) has been associated with numerous diseases. Here, we assess the bidirectional causality between physical inactivity and obesity by bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis. Welsh P, Poliseki E, Robertson M, et al. -0.16 (-0.24,-0.08), P=3.8×10-4), but indicate that the association between higher BMI and lower levels of physical activity is due to horizontal pleiotropy. For the majority of the Life's Simple 7 modifiable risk factors - except for physical activity and certain dietary factors - we found sufficient evidence for a causal association with longevity. Please see later in the article for . Corresponding Author. Here, we assessed the bidirectional relationships between physical activity and general cognitive functioning using Latent Heritable Confounder Mendelian Randomization (LHC-MR). JAMA Psychiatry. Panel A shows Mendelian randomization assumptions when estimating the causal association between a given exposure and outcome: (1) The instruments are associated with the exposure, (2) the instruments do not cause the outcome independently from the exposure (horizontal uncorrelated pleiotropy), and (3) the effects of the exposure on the outcome are not influenced by any confounders (horizontal . Adam Mourad Chekroud . Background Previous researches have indicated physical activity (PA) may be associated with lower risk of lung cancer. PLOS Med 2014;11. 23 bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis. Richmond R, Davey Smith G, Ness AR, et al. Mendelian randomization uses genetic variants as a natural experiment to analyze the relationship between a risk factor (exposure) and, for example, a psychiatric disorder (outcome). PubMed ID: 35144858 . such as physical activity [55, 56] and diet . Assessing causality in the association between childhood adiposity and physical activity levels: a Mendelian randomization analysis. However, the causal relationships underlying this association are still unclear. Hu T; Yang F; He K; Ying J; Cui H Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis; 2022 03; 32(3):703-709. 87 physical activity (n=2), vigorous physical activity (n=1) or sedentary time (n=4) at genome -wide 88 significance (P<5x10-8) (Klimentidis et al., 2018, Doherty et al., 2018) , and the loci thus provide a 89 limited power to study causal . Mendelian randomization suggests a bidirectional, causal relationship between physical inactivity and obesity. . panel a shows mendelian randomization assumptions when estimating the causal association between a given exposure and outcome: (1) the instruments are associated with the exposure, (2) the instruments do not cause the outcome independently from the exposure (horizontal uncorrelated pleiotropy), and (3) the effects of the exposure on the outcome … The bidirectional, causal . Interpretation of the findings. The Mendelian randomization (MR) approach with two single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the fat-mass and obesity (FTO) gene as instruments was employed to assess the causal effect. Causal relationship between physical activity, leisure sedentary behaviors and COVID-19 risk: a Mendelian randomization study. eLife, 11, e70386. title = "Physical activity and risks of breast and colorectal cancer: A Mendelian randomization analysis", abstract = "Physical activity has been associated with lower risks of breast and colorectal cancer in epidemiological studies; however, it is unknown if these associations are causal or confounded. Our Mendelian-randomization (MR) analyses showed that physical activity, body mass index and serum iron levels were inversely associated with overall-prostate-cancer risk. Schematic representation of the Mendelian randomization assumptions and study design. They have evolved from focusing on environmental exposures to investigating disease processes and potential drug treatments. Richmond R, Davey Smith G, Ness AR, et al. "Assessment of Bidirectional Relationships Between Physical Activity and Depression Among Adults: A 2-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study" is available here. The strengths of the present studies include the use of genome-wide summary results for objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time, which avoided misreporting bias evident for self-reported measures, as well as the use of newly developed Mendelian randomization method that utilizes full genome-wide summary results to improve . Meta-analysis of cohort . We previously observed that while influences of objectively measured physical activity (not included here) on depression were validated in Mendelian randomization ( 3 . Mendelian randomization assumptions and directional associations between physical activity, sedentary time and adiposity. alcohol intake; and physical activity), cardiometabolic (blood pressure; blood lipids; T2DM and . We aimed to assess the causal effect of PA on SLE by two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study.Methods: Summary statistics of SLE were obtained from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis of European descent, including 4,036 cases and 6,959 controls . We applied two-sample Mendelian randomization methods to investigate their causal relationships. Keywords frequently search together with Predicted Serum 予測血清 Narrow sentence examples with built-in keyword filters Mendelian randomization assumptions and directional associations between physical activity, sedentary time and adiposity. Mendelian randomization (MR) is a more robust method of causal inferences, which could overcome the limitations of observational studies . Although Mendelian randomization provides a powerful approach to strengthen the conclusions of observational studies, it has several limitations. [ 29 ]. However, whether AF is a cause or consequence of these diseases is uncertain. . 56 Mendelian randomization is a powerful method to minimize the influence of reverse causality and 57 confounding on causal estimates derived from observational data. Objective We investigated the associations between accelerometer-based physical activity and sedentary behavior with type 2 diabetes and several glycemic traits using two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis.